
Indlela Esisebenzise ngayo i-OpenAI API ukuTshintsha iWebhusayithi yethu
- Articles, Stories
- Hugo , OpenAI , Translation , Automation
- 2025 Matshi 19
- 40 min read
Introdction
Xa siqala ukwenza iwebhusayithi yethu esekwe kwi-GoHugo.io ibe neelwimi ezininzi, sifuna indlela efanelekileyo, enokukhula, kunye nekhono lokugcina iindleko. Endaweni yokuhumusha iphepha ngalinye ngesandla, sathabatha ithuba le-API ye-OpenAI ukuzenzela le nkqubo. Le ndatshana ibonisa indlela esihlanganise ngayo i-OpenAI API neHugo, sisebenzisa itimu yeHugoPlate evela kwiZeon Studio, ukuvelisa iinguqulelo ngokukhawuleza nangokuchaneka.
Kutheni Sikhethe i-OpenAI API ukuTshintsha
Iinkonzo zokuhumusha ezisemthethweni zihlala zifuna umzamo omkhulu wesandla, kwaye amathuluzi azizenzisi afana ne-Google Translate, nangona efanelekileyo, awanikezeli ngokuqhelekileyo umgangatho wokwenziwa okneeded. I-API ye-OpenAI ivumele ukuba:
- Zenzela iinguqulelo ngempumelelo
- Yenza umgangatho wokuhumusha
- Gcina ulawulo olungcono kwiikhwalithi
- Hlanganisa ngokungxama newebhusayithi yethu esekwe kwiHugo
- Beka uphawu kwiiphepha ezithile ukuze zihlolwe kwakhona
Inqubo yeNyathelo-ngeNyathelo
1. Ukulungiselela iWebhusayithi yeHugo
Iwebhusayithi yethu yayisalready ilungisiwe isebenzisa itimu ye-HugoPlate, e-supporting functionality yeelwimi ezininzi. Isinyathelo sokuqala kwakukuvumela ukuxhaswa kolwimi kwi config/_default/languages.toml
yeHugo:
################ English language ##################
[en]
languageName = "English"
languageCode = "en-us"
contentDir = "content/english"
weight = 1
################ Arabic language ##################
[ar]
languageName = "العربية"
languageCode = "ar"
contentDir = "content/arabic"
languageDirection = 'rtl'
weight = 2
Le migaqo iqinisekisa ukuba iHugo ingavelisa iinguqulelo zolwimi ezahlukeneyo zokuqukethwe kwethu.
2. Ukuzenzela iinguqulelo nge-OpenAI API
Saqhuba iBash script ukuzenzela ukuhunyushwa kweefayile zeMarkdown. Le script:
- Ifunda iifayile ze-English
.md
ukusuka kumjikelo wombuso. - Isebenzisa i-OpenAI API ukuhunyushwa kombhalo ngelixa igcina umgangatho weMarkdown.
- Ibhala umxholo ohuqunyiweyo kwiindawo zolwimi ezifanelekileyo.
- Igcina umkhondo wesimo sokuhumusha isebenzisa ifayile ye-JSON.
Nantsi umbono wescript yethu:
#!/bin/bash
# ===========================================
# Hugo Content Translation and Update Script (Sequential Processing & New-Language Cleanup)
# ===========================================
# This script translates Hugo Markdown (.md) files from English to all supported target languages
# sequentially (one file at a time). It updates a JSON status file after processing each file.
# At the end of the run, it checks translation_status.json and removes any language from
# translate_new_language.txt only if every file for that language is marked as "success".
# ===========================================
set -euo pipefail
# --- Simple Logging Function (writes to stderr) ---
log_step() {
echo "[$(date '+%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S')] $*" >&2
}
# --- Environment Setup ---
export PATH="/opt/homebrew/opt/coreutils/libexec/gnubin:$PATH"
# (Removed "Script starting." log)
SCRIPT_DIR="$(cd "$(dirname "${BASH_SOURCE[0]}")" && pwd)"
log_step "SCRIPT_DIR set to: $SCRIPT_DIR"
if [ -f "$SCRIPT_DIR/.env" ]; then
log_step "Loading environment variables from .env"
set -o allexport
source "$SCRIPT_DIR/.env"
set +o allexport
fi
# Load new languages from translate_new_language.txt (if available)
declare -a NEW_LANGUAGES=()
if [ -f "$SCRIPT_DIR/translate_new_language.txt" ]; then
while IFS= read -r line || [[ -n "$line" ]]; do
NEW_LANGUAGES+=("$line")
done <"$SCRIPT_DIR/translate_new_language.txt"
else
log_step "No new languages file found; proceeding with empty NEW_LANGUAGES."
fi
API_KEY="${OPENAI_API_KEY:-}"
if [ -z "$API_KEY" ]; then
log_step "❌ Error: OPENAI_API_KEY environment variable is not set."
exit 1
fi
# Supported Languages (full list)
SUPPORTED_LANGUAGES=("ar" "bg" "bn" "cs" "da" "de" "el" "es" "fa" "fi" "fr" "ha" "he" "hi" "hr" "hu" "id" "ig" "it" "ja" "ko" "ml" "mr" "ms" "nl" "no" "pa" "pl" "pt" "ro" "ru" "sk" "sn" "so" "sr" "sv" "sw" "ta" "te" "th" "tl" "tr" "uk" "vi" "xh" "yo" "zh" "zu")
STATUS_FILE="$SCRIPT_DIR/translation_status.json"
SRC_DIR="$SCRIPT_DIR/Content/english"
log_step "Source directory: $SRC_DIR"
# Check dependencies
for cmd in jq curl; do
if ! command -v "$cmd" >/dev/null 2>&1; then
log_step "❌ Error: '$cmd' is required. Please install it."
exit 1
fi
done
MAX_RETRIES=5
WAIT_TIME=2 # seconds
# Create/initialize status file if missing
if [ ! -f "$STATUS_FILE" ]; then
echo "{}" >"$STATUS_FILE"
log_step "Initialized status file at: $STATUS_FILE"
fi
# --- Locking for Status Updates ---
lock_status() {
local max_wait=10
local start_time
start_time=$(date +%s)
while ! mkdir "$STATUS_FILE.lockdir" 2>/dev/null; do
sleep 0.01
local now
now=$(date +%s)
if ((now - start_time >= max_wait)); then
log_step "WARNING: Lock wait exceeded ${max_wait}s. Forcibly removing stale lock."
rm -rf "$STATUS_FILE.lockdir"
fi
done
}
unlock_status() {
rmdir "$STATUS_FILE.lockdir"
}
update_status() {
local file_path="$1" lang="$2" status="$3"
lock_status
jq --arg file "$file_path" --arg lang "$lang" --arg status "$status" \
'.[$file][$lang] = $status' "$STATUS_FILE" >"$STATUS_FILE.tmp" && mv "$STATUS_FILE.tmp" "$STATUS_FILE"
unlock_status
}
# --- Translation Function ---
translate_text() {
local text="$1" lang="$2"
local retry_count=0
while [ "$retry_count" -lt "$MAX_RETRIES" ]; do
user_message="Translate the following text to $lang. Preserve all formatting exactly as in the original.
$text"
json_payload=$(jq -n \
--arg system "Translate from English to $lang. Preserve original formatting exactly." \
--arg user_message "$user_message" \
'{
"model": "gpt-4o-mini",
"messages": [
{"role": "system", "content": $system},
{"role": "user", "content": $user_message}
],
"temperature": 0.3
}')
response=$(curl -s https://api.openai.com/v1/chat/completions \
-H "Content-Type: application/json" \
-H "Authorization: Bearer $API_KEY" \
-d "$json_payload")
log_step "📥 Received API response."
local error_type
error_type=$(echo "$response" | jq -r '.error.type // empty')
local error_message
error_message=$(echo "$response" | jq -r '.error.message // empty')
if [ "$error_type" == "insufficient_quota" ]; then
sleep "$WAIT_TIME"
retry_count=$((retry_count + 1))
elif [[ "$error_type" == "rate_limit_reached" || "$error_type" == "server_error" || "$error_type" == "service_unavailable" ]]; then
sleep "$WAIT_TIME"
retry_count=$((retry_count + 1))
elif [ "$error_type" == "invalid_request_error" ]; then
return 1
elif [ -z "$error_type" ]; then
if ! translated_text=$(echo "$response" | jq -r '.choices[0].message.content' 2>/dev/null); then
return 1
fi
if [ "$translated_text" == "null" ] || [ -z "$translated_text" ]; then
return 1
else
translated_text=$(echo "$translated_text" | sed -e 's/^```[[:space:]]*//; s/[[:space:]]*```$//')
echo "$translated_text"
return 0
fi
else
return 1
fi
done
return 1
}
# --- Process a Single File (Sequential Version) ---
process_file() {
local src_file="$1" target_file="$2" lang="$3" rel_src="$4"
# If target file exists and is non-empty, mark status as success.
if [ -s "$target_file" ]; then
update_status "$rel_src" "$lang" "success"
return 0
fi
content=$(<"$src_file")
if [[ "$content" =~ ^(---|\+\+\+)[[:space:]]*$ ]] && [[ "$content" =~ [[:space:]]*(---|\+\+\+\+)[[:space:]]*$ ]]; then
front_matter=$(echo "$content" | sed -n '/^\(---\|\+\+\+\)$/,/^\(---\|\+\+\+\)$/p')
body_content=$(echo "$content" | sed -n '/^\(---\|\+\+\+\)$/,/^\(---\|\+\+\+\)$/d')
else
front_matter=""
body_content="$content"
fi
log_step "Translating [$rel_src] to $lang..."
translated_body=$(translate_text "$body_content" "$lang")
if [ $? -ne 0 ]; then
update_status "$rel_src" "$lang" "failed"
return 1
fi
mkdir -p "$(dirname "$target_file")"
if [ -n "$front_matter" ]; then
echo -e "$front_matter
$translated_body" >"$target_file"
else
echo -e "$translated_body" >"$target_file"
fi
updated_content=$(echo "$content" | sed -E 's/^retranslate:\s*true/retranslate: false/')
echo "$updated_content" >"$src_file"
update_status "$rel_src" "$lang" "success"
}
# --- Main Sequential Processing ---
ALL_SUCCESS=true
for TARGET_LANG in "${SUPPORTED_LANGUAGES[@]}"; do
log_step "Processing language: $TARGET_LANG"
TARGET_DIR="$SCRIPT_DIR/Content/$TARGET_LANG"
while IFS= read -r -d '' src_file; do
rel_src="${src_file#$SCRIPT_DIR/}"
target_file="$TARGET_DIR/${src_file#$SRC_DIR/}"
# If file is marked not to retranslate, check that target file exists and is non-empty.
if ! [[ " ${NEW_LANGUAGES[@]:-} " =~ " ${TARGET_LANG} " ]] && grep -q '^retranslate:\s*false' "$src_file"; then
if [ -s "$target_file" ]; then
update_status "$rel_src" "$TARGET_LANG" "success"
else
update_status "$rel_src" "$TARGET_LANG" "failed"
fi
continue
fi
process_file "$src_file" "$target_file" "$TARGET_LANG" "$rel_src"
done < <(find "$SRC_DIR" -type f -name "*.md" -print0)
done
log_step "Translation run completed."
end_time=$(date +%s)
duration=$((end_time - $(date +%s)))
log_step "Execution Time: $duration seconds"
if [ "$ALL_SUCCESS" = true ]; then
log_step "🎉 Translation completed successfully for all supported languages!"
else
log_step "⚠️ Translation completed with some errors."
fi
# --- Clean Up Fully Translated New Languages ---
if [ -f "$SCRIPT_DIR/translate_new_language.txt" ]; then
log_step "Cleaning up fully translated new languages..."
for lang in "${NEW_LANGUAGES[@]:-}"; do
incomplete=$(jq --arg lang "$lang" 'to_entries[] | select(.value[$lang] != null and (.value[$lang] != "success")) | .key' "$STATUS_FILE")
if [ -z "$incomplete" ]; then
log_step "All translations for new language '$lang' are marked as success. Removing from translate_new_language.txt."
sed -E -i '' "/^[[:space:]]*$lang[[:space:]]*$/d" "$SCRIPT_DIR/translate_new_language.txt"
else
log_step "Language '$lang' still has incomplete translations."
fi
done
fi
3. Ulawulo lweSimo sokuhumusha
Ukuze sithintele iinguqulelo eziphindaphindiweyo kwaye silandele umphakathi, sisebenzise ifayile ye-JSON (translation_status.json
). Le script ibuyekeza le fayile emva kokuphumeza idokhumenti nganye, iqinisekisa ukuba kuphela umxholo omtsha okanye owabuyekeziweyo uthunyushelwa.
4. Ukuphathwa kweMphumo kunye neMida ye-API
Saqhuba i-retries kunye nokuphathwa kwemphumo ukuze sihlangabezane nemida, iimpazamo ze-API, kunye nezinkinga zequota. Le script ilinda phambi kokuphinda uma i-OpenAI API ibuyisela impazamo efana ne-rate_limit_reached
okanye service_unavailable
.
5. Ukuphumeza
Nje ukuba umxholo ohuqunyiweyo uveliswe, ukuqhuba hugo --minify
kwakha iwebhusayithi ye-static enezilwimi ezininzi, ilungele ukuphumeza.
Iingxaki kunye neMpendulo
1. Ukuchaneka kweTshintsho
Nangona iinguqulelo ze-OpenAI zihlala zichanekile, ezinye iimeko zobuchwepheshe zingafuna ukujolisa ngesandla, kodwa singamaqela amabini kuphela, ngoko sithanda ukulindela okungcono. Sahlula iimpempe ukuze sigcine umxholo kunye nomoya.
2. Iingxaki zokuFomatha
I-syntax yeMarkdown ngamanye amaxesha iyaguqulwa ekuhunyushweni. Ukuze silungise le nto, saphosa umgaqo wokuphumeza emva kokuhumsha ukuze sigcine umgangatho.
3. Ukunciphisa iindleko ze-API
Ukuze sinciphise iindleko, saqhuba i-caching ukuze sithintele ukuhunyushwa komxholo ongashintshanga.
4. Ukuphatha iRetrenchments ngempumelelo
Ukuze sihunyushe iiphepha ezithile, saphosa umphakathi we-retranslate: true
. Le script ihunyushwa kuphela kwiiphepha ezibhalwe ngalo mphakathi. Oku kusivumela ukuba sihlaziye iinguqulelo njengoko kudingeka ngaphandle kokuhunyushwa kwewebhusayithi yonke.
Isiphelo
Ngokuhlanganisa i-OpenAI API neHugo, sathabatha iinguqulelo zewebhusayithi yethu ngelixa sigcina umgangatho kunye nokuguquguquka. Le ndlela yahlawula ixesha, yaqinisekisa ukuhambelana, kwaye yavumela ukuba sikhule ngaphandle kokuphazamiseka. Ukuba ujolise ukwenza iwebhusayithi yakho yeHugo ibe neelwimi ezininzi, i-API ye-OpenAI inika isisombululo esinamandla.