Mepe Imwechete, Nzira Nhatu: SVG, Rust uye Flutter

EVnSteven yasvika panzvimbo yakagadzikana. Chikuva chakasimba uye hachidi kugadziriswa kwakawanda, izvo ndizvo zvataida patakatanga: sisitimu diki inoshanda zvinyararire. Izvi zvinopa mukana mudiki wekuyedza, uye zvakasiya vatangi vedu nguva yekutanga mamwe mapurojekiti, aunozoawana pakupera.

Saka takaita kuyedza. Takatora mepu iri papeji redu rekumba ndokuiyamburudza kaviri: kamwe muRust yakashandurwa kuWebAssembly, uye kamwe muFlutter. Chinyorwa ichi chinoratidza zvese zvitatu papeji rimwe chete uye chinozvienzanisa.

1. Yekutanga: SVG, CSS uye JavaScript diki

Mumashoko akareruka: iyi ndiyo mepu iri papeji redu rekumba. Yakavakwa sezvakavakwa zvimwe zvese zvepeji rewebhu: mufananidzo wakagadzirwa nezvimiro izvo bhurawuza rako rinototonyatsoziva kuratidza nekuifambisa. Ndiwo uri nyore pakati pezvitatu, uye ndiwo unoonekwa nevashanyi vakawanda.

Icho chimwe chete chidhindwa cheSVG. Bhurawuza rinomhanyisa zvikamu zvakawanda zvekuvhenganisa kubva kuCSS, uye script diki inobata zvimwe zvese.

Pamusoro payo: hapana danho rekugadzira, saka template yeHugo ndiyo chete inodiwa. Icho vector, saka chinochengetedza kujeka chero saizi. Mavara ese 44 anogona kusvikwa nekhibhodi, imwe neimwe iine zita rekuverengwa nezviridzwa zvekuverenga skrini. Uye mashoko ayo mashoma adudzirwa mumitauro yedu yose.

Mutengo wacho uremu papeji. Markup yemeputi inenge 107 KB (inenge 30 KB yakadzvanywa), uye painomhanya ine zvinhu zvinenge 670 uye zvinopfuura 200 zvekufambisa zveCSS. Logic yacho yakaoma kuyedza: nguva inogara mukati meCSS keyframes uye script iri papeji, saka bvunzo chete ndeyekuiona.

2. Rust neWebAssembly

Mumashoko akareruka: Rust mutauro wekuronga unozivikanwa nekukurumidza uye nekubata zvikanganiso zvakawanda usati watanga chirongwa. Pano takanyora “uropi” hwemepu muRust, takaripakata muumbirwo mudiki unomhanyiswa nemabhurawuza (unonzi WebAssembly), uye takarega richipenda mepu yese pacharo, sekupenda achidzokorora kanivhasi kamwe kazhinji pasekondi. Kwauri zvinoita sezvakafanana.

Mepu yese inopendwa pakani vhasi imwe chete neRust yakashandurwa kuita WebAssembly. Kodhi yeRust ndiyo ine mutoro wezvese zvinoitika pamepu uye inopendazve zvese panguva imwe neimwe.

Chinhu chatakafarira ndechekuti musimboti uri muRust yakachena pasina chinhu chinobva mubhurawuza: masvomhu ekuti zvinhu zvinofanira kuenda kupi uye panguva ipi zvinochinja, uye parser inoverenga muganhu wenyika. Ine miedzo gumi nemitatu inomhanya munguva shoma kwazvo, uye kana nguva yebasa isiri iyo, bvunzo inotadza panzvimbo pekuti munhu aone kuti zvinoita sezvisina kujairika. Anenge chikamu chimwe chechitatu chezvinyorwa zvinokwana 1,070 zveRust ndizvo zvakaedzwa (nemiedzo yacho); zvimwe zvese zvinopenda pakani vhasi uye zvinobata zviitiko zvemouse.

Peji rinopedzisira riri nyore kwazvo: chinhu chimwe chete chekani vhasi. Asi kudhawunirodha kunorema. Module yakashandurwa inenge 254 KB (inenge 92 KB yakamanikidzwa) pamwe chete ne28 KB yeJavaScript glue iyo chishandiso chekugadzira chinogadzira. Uye pane mutengo watinoona patinenge tichishanda pairi:

• Chishandiso chekugadzira. Kuvaka kunoda Rust, chinangwa cheWebAssembly uye chishandiso chemutsetse wemirairo icho shanduro yacho inofanira kuenderana chaizvo neribrary. Script yedu yekuvaka inomhanyisa bvunzo kutanga uye inomira kana imwe ikatadza.
• Hapana mukana wekhibhodi kana kuverenga skrini kumaguta ega ega. Canvas mufananidzo. Shanduro yeSVG ine madot 44 anogona kutariswa haachipo.
• Chirungu chete. Zvinyorwa zvakanyorwa muchirongwa.
• Kunyangarika. Mupendero werima wakapfava unoshandisa sefa yekunyangarika ye canvas, iyo isingatsigirwi nemabhurawuza ese. Hatina kuyedza Safari, uko mupendero unogona kunetsa.

3. Flutter

Mumashoko akareruka: Flutter ishoko rekushandisa kubva kuGoogle rekugadzira maapp anomhanya pafoni, makomputa uye pawebhu kubva kune imwe kodhi. Harishandisi zvivakwa zvepeji rewebhu pacharo. Rinodhonza zvese pacharo. Pano mepu ishoma app inoratidzwa mukati mepeji rino, chishandiso chimwe chete chinoshanda ne charging calculator.

Inopenda mepu nemupendi wemhando yepamusoro, uye inoratidzwa pano mufuremu. Flutter inogona zvakare kugadzira maapp efoni nemakomputa kubva kune imwe kodhi, izvo ndizvo zvikonzero zvikuru: nyora mepu kamwe chete, umhanye munzvimbo dzakawanda.

Ichocho chirevo chakafanana neRust mepu, chakashandurwa kuDart, chine miedzo gumi neimwe. Inenge mitsara 1,100 kusanganisira miedzo. Flutter inopa guta rega rega kune vanoverenga skrini sebhatani rine zita, izvo shanduro ye canvas haina (hatina kutarisa kuti inoshanda sei nemuverengi wechokwadi weskrini). Iyo zvakare ndiyo yakakura kudhawunirodha: app iri pa1.8 MB (inenge 535 KB yakadzvanywa). Injini yekudhirowa yeFlutter inodhawanirwawo, asi saiti inotogovana kopi imwe chete ne calculator, saka mushanyi akavhura calculator haadhawunirodhi zvakare. Zvinyorwa zvayo zvakaiswa mufonti yesaiti, Merriweather, iyo browser inotora panguva yekumhanya.

Zvatakawana

Chimwe chinyorwa pamusoro pekumhanya. Mukutarisa kwedu, mepu yeSVG neRust mepu zvose zvakamhanya panguva yekuvandudzwa kweskrini (inenge 120 mafuremu pasekondi pane yekuyedza skrini), saka chiyero chemufuremu hachina kuvasiyanisa. Hatina kuyera chiyero chemufuremu cheFlutter, uye hatina kuyera kushandiswa kwebhatiri kana CPU, saka hatigoni kutaura kuti ndeipi iri nyore pafoni.

Zvinhu zvakatishamisa

Dzimwe tsananguro dziri nyore kukanganisa. Makopi edu ekutanga akadhonza kiyi nemaawa panzvimbo yakatarwa yemepu, saka ainyangarika pamaskirini madiki uye aitaridzika diki padhuze neyekutanga. Yekutanga inoiyera pahuwandu hwefonti yepapeji (rem, inochinja nehupamhi hwesikirini). Makopi zvino anoverenga saizi iyoyo kubva papeji. Maawa anopawo musiyano: maoko eyaekutanga anofamba mumatanho ema15-maminitsi, asi muRust neFlutter shanduro anotenderera zvichingodaro.

Nguva dzemunzvimbo hadzina kuvakwa mukati. Hapana Rust yakashandurwa kuWebAssembly kana Dart inotakura dhatabhesi yenguva inoziva “Asia/Dubai”. Zvose zvinobvunza bhurawuza pachinzvimbo, kuburikidza nebasa rayo rakavakirwa-mukati reIntl, rinotogadzirisa nguva yezuva rekuchengetedza zvakanaka.

Zvose zvitatu zvinogovera zvavanoshandisa. Mepu dzeRust neFlutter dzinoverenga runyorwa rwemaguta uye mufananidzo wenyika kubva papeji ravanenge vari, data rimwe chete rinoshandiswa neSVG mepu. Chinja guta, uye zvitatu zvinoshanduka. Izvi zvinorevawo kuti mepu dzinogona kumhanya chete papeji rinovapa.

Flutter web inochengeta. Flutter web inoisa cache yayo, saka mushure mekuvaka patsva takaramba tichiona shanduro yekare kusvikira tazvibvisa.

Mhedziso yedu

SVG mepu inoramba iri papeji rekumba. Kune kudhirowa kwakadai, ndiyo yakareruka, inowanikwa nyore, yakashandurwa, uye haina chaanoda kuvaka. Rust ndiyo inonakidza sechipiri: kana tikamboda kuti logic yemepu ive nechokwadi, kana tikada kuita kuverenga kwakanyanya mubhurawuza, core yeRust yakayedzwa inzira yakanaka yekuzviita. Flutter inokodzera kana mepu ikada kugara mukati meapp yeFlutter.

Chiitiko hachidi kushandura chigadzirwa kuti chive chakakosha kumhanya. Takapedzisira tawana mufananidzo wakajeka wezvinodhura nzira imwe neimwe, tsananguro yakayedzwa yekuti mepu inobata sei, uye papeji paunogona kuona zvitatu zvacho wega.

Zviri kuvakwa nevavambi vedu zvinotevera

Chikuva chakagadzikana chinopa nguva yezvimwe pfungwa. Kunze kweEVnSteven, vavambi vedu vari kushanda pazvinotevera:

Ride-hailing, launching very soon Kimem ↗ (opens in a new tab) Sevhisi yekukumbira mota muBahir Dar, Ethiopia, kubva kumuvambi Mekonnen Alemu. Vafambi vanoona fungidziro yemutengo vasati vakumbira, vanoona mutyairi ari pedyo achiswedera pamepu, uye vanobhadhara mutengo wakayerwa nemari panguva yekupedzisira kwerwendo.

Non-profit, open source StrayCats ↗ (opens in a new tab) Projekiti kubva kuna David yekubatsira vanhu vanotarisira makitsi emumigwagwa, makitsi asina muridzi, kana chero katsi, kunyangwe katsi iyoyo iri imbwa. Ichiri padanho repfungwa, pasina app parizvino, uye David angafarira mazano ako uye mhinduro. Yakatsaurirwa kuna Saibo, 2010–2026.

Cash tracking, free, launching soon Effectivo ↗ (opens in a new tab) Kunyora mari kusina kukwana asi kwakashandurwa, kune avo vanoshandisa mari. Nyora kutenga mumatanho mashoma, verenga zviri muhomwe yako, uye tarisa shure pazvakaratidza kukosha. Shanduko ndeyekuti munhu wese anoshandisa mari anobatsira kuchengetedza mari iyi iripo kune vamwe vese. Mahara uye asina kushambadzira, achauya kuAndroid ne iPhone, aine beta uye demo yepamhepo iri kushanda izvozvi.